{"id":2050,"date":"2026-01-29T16:02:44","date_gmt":"2026-01-29T08:02:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.gtiit.edu.cn\/cligroup\/?page_id=2050"},"modified":"2026-02-08T22:28:34","modified_gmt":"2026-02-08T14:28:34","slug":"42-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.gtiit.edu.cn\/cligroup\/42-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Drop impact on Cultural\u00a0Relics"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"2050\" class=\"elementor elementor-2050\" data-elementor-settings=\"[]\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-section-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-87db573 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"87db573\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2e2f122\" data-id=\"2e2f122\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a5a5d3f elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"a5a5d3f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-63eed29 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"63eed29\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-38c95e2\" data-id=\"38c95e2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-fd42c70 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"fd42c70\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-bad4229\" data-id=\"bad4229\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-91545e5 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"91545e5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6ee8183 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6ee8183\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3c41ac4\" data-id=\"3c41ac4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2e363c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b2e363c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3><b>Background<\/b><\/h3><p>The use of stone as a medium for artistic expression has ranged from the construction of ancient buildings to small-scale statues.\u00a0The decay of culturally artifacts means a loss of history.\u00a0In our common understanding, biological colonization is usually associated with the deterioration of buildings and aesthetic damage.\u00a0<\/p><p>However, more and more researchers believe that biological colonization can protect buildings from weathering. Subaerial biofilms are microbial communities that develop on solid mineral surfaces exposed to the atmosphere.\u00a0The microorganisms can induce modifications on and within the substrate.\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-36c4a15 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"36c4a15\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4c244c2\" data-id=\"4c244c2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a3792f5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-carousel\" data-id=\"a3792f5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;slides_to_show&quot;:&quot;2&quot;,&quot;slides_to_scroll&quot;:&quot;2&quot;,&quot;navigation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;infinite&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;image_spacing_custom&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;41&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;speed&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"image-carousel.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-carousel-wrapper swiper-container\" dir=\"ltr\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-carousel swiper-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-slide\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.gtiit.edu.cn\/cligroup\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/33\/2026\/02\/\u5fae\u4fe1\u622a\u56fe_20260206145400-1.jpg\" alt=\"\u5fae\u4fe1\u622a\u56fe_20260206145400\" \/><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.gtiit.edu.cn\/cligroup\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/33\/2026\/02\/\u5fae\u4fe1\u622a\u56fe_20260206145424.jpg\" alt=\"\u5fae\u4fe1\u622a\u56fe_20260206145424\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a65960a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a65960a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p>Fig. 1. Photographs of the UNESCO World Cultural Heritage Angkor Wat in Cambodia: Left, a distance view of the central tower with surrounding ones; Right, photographs of the sandstone foundation and its current conditions.\u00a0Gu, J. D., &amp; Katayama, Y. (2021)\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-797a4a8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"797a4a8\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e1fe13f\" data-id=\"e1fe13f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-74fd3be elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"74fd3be\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3><b>Interdisciplinary Research<\/b><\/h3><p>Studying the impact of water droplets on stones is a critical step in understanding the role of water on building surfaces and its subsequent fate, since water plays important roles in many physical and chemical deterioration mechanisms. This study addresses a narrow facet, focuing on examining how biofilms affect the substrate during the physical processes of droplet impact, spreading, and absorption on a porous stone.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9205ee0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9205ee0\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-063f4a0\" data-id=\"063f4a0\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-f211caf elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f211caf\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-42796f9\" data-id=\"42796f9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c5698be elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c5698be\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img width=\"640\" height=\"459\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.gtiit.edu.cn\/cligroup\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/33\/2026\/02\/\u5fae\u4fe1\u622a\u56fe_20260208222225-1024x734.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a192c5f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a192c5f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p>Fig. 2. Six possible outcomes of drop impact on a dry wall. Rioboo et al (2001)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-18db557\" data-id=\"18db557\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a97bc4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6a97bc4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img width=\"640\" height=\"359\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.gtiit.edu.cn\/cligroup\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/33\/2026\/02\/\u5fae\u4fe1\u622a\u56fe_20260206160342-1-1024x575.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-38cd37f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"38cd37f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p>Fig. 3. Fate of impinging droplet on porous media. When a droplet hits a porous medium, it first spreads over the surface and is absorbed through capillary action, accompanied by evaporation. Lee, J. B (2015)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a66979e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a66979e\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-dfbf8ed\" data-id=\"dfbf8ed\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a13a06b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a13a06b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3>Experiments<\/h3><p><strong>Substrate<\/strong>: There are two types of stone we worked with: Construction grey sandstone, which were quarried in Chongqing, China and Angkor sandstone, which\u00a0 were collected from Kulen Mountain, the quarry that also supplied stone for the monuments of the Angkor Empire. Both of them are mainly composed of quartz, anorthite, and calcite.\u00a0<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f04095f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f04095f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-50ccfee\" data-id=\"50ccfee\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2acecfb elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2acecfb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img width=\"640\" height=\"202\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.gtiit.edu.cn\/cligroup\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/33\/2026\/02\/\u5fae\u4fe1\u622a\u56fe_20260208215743-1024x323.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2e027a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b2e027a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p>Fig. 4. Macroscopic and microscope images of Construction grey sandstone and Angkor sandstone.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-08a6d43 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"08a6d43\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-55f54c8\" data-id=\"55f54c8\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-27c3a03 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"27c3a03\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p><strong style=\"color: #0a0a0a\">Surface<\/strong><span style=\"color: #0a0a0a\">\u00a0<\/span><strong style=\"color: #0a0a0a\">condition<\/strong><span style=\"color: #0a0a0a\">: Sandstone was inoculated with microorganisms or coated with organic layer to observe the change in surface morphology and wetting behaviors.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"color: #0a0a0a\"><strong>Imapct test:\u00a0<\/strong>Water droplet impact with different velocity on flat uniform stone surface.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b48b5fb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b48b5fb\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a475043\" data-id=\"a475043\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7360138 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7360138\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p>Video. 1. Water drop impact dynamics on the (a) non-treated, (b) agar-coated, (c) low concentration biofilm, (d) high concentration biofilm.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f22a09 elementor-aspect-ratio-169 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"3f22a09\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;hosted&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;loop&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;aspect_ratio&quot;:&quot;169&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-hosted-video elementor-wrapper elementor-fit-aspect-ratio elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<video class=\"elementor-video\" src=\"http:\/\/sites.gtiit.edu.cn\/cligroup\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/33\/2026\/02\/\u65b0\u5efa-Microsoft-PowerPoint-\u6f14\u793a\u6587\u7a3f-2.mp4\" autoplay=\"\" loop=\"\" controls=\"\" controlsList=\"nodownload\"><\/video>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Background The use of stone as a medium &hellip;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/sites.gtiit.edu.cn\/cligroup\/42-2\/\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":326,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.gtiit.edu.cn\/cligroup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2050"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.gtiit.edu.cn\/cligroup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.gtiit.edu.cn\/cligroup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.gtiit.edu.cn\/cligroup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/326"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.gtiit.edu.cn\/cligroup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2050"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/sites.gtiit.edu.cn\/cligroup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2050\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2500,"href":"https:\/\/sites.gtiit.edu.cn\/cligroup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2050\/revisions\/2500"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.gtiit.edu.cn\/cligroup\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2050"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}